The powers flowing from the Constitution Act are divided between the Government of Canada (the federal government) and the provincial governments to exercise exclusively. The major difference between a Canadian province and a territory is that provinces receive their power and authority from the Constitution Act, 1867 (formerly called the British North America Act, 1867), whereas territorial governments are creatures of statute with powers delegated to them by the Parliament of Canada. Over its history, Canada's international borders have changed several times as it has added territories and provinces, making it the world's second-largest country by area. In the 1867 Canadian Confederation, three provinces of British North America- New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, and the Province of Canada (which upon Confederation was divided into Ontario and Quebec)-united to form a federation, becoming a fully independent country over the next century. Canada has ten provinces and three territories that are sub-national administrative divisions under the jurisdiction of the Canadian Constitution.
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